Authors with most documents
Browse
Recent Submissions
- Journal ArticleMobility Work: The Spatial Dimension of Collaboration at a Hospital(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 2, 38443) Bardram, Jakob E; Bossen, ClausWe posit the concept of Mobility Work to describe efforts of moving about people and things as part of accomplishing tasks. Mobility work can be seen as a spatial parallel to the concept of articulation work proposed by the sociologist Anselm Strauss. Articulation work describes efforts of coordination necessary in cooperative work, but focuses, we argue, mainly on the temporal aspects of cooperative work. As a supplement, the concept of mobility work focuses on the spatial aspects of cooperative work. Whereas actors seek to diminish the amount of articulation work needed in collaboration by constructing Standard Operation Procedures (SOPs), actors minimise mobility work by constructing Standard Operation Configurations (SOCs). We apply the concept of mobility work to the ethnography of hospital work, and argue that mobility arises because of the need to get access to people, places, knowledge and/or resources. To accomplish their work, actors have to make the right configuration of these four aspects emerge.
- Journal ArticleBook review: The Locales Framework: Understanding and Designing for Wicked Problems, Geraldine Fitzpatrick, (ed.), The Kluwer International Series on Computer Supported Cooperative Work 2003, 254 pp. Hardcover ISBN: 1-4020-1190-3(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 3, 2005) Dourish, Paul
- Journal ArticleWords about Images: Coordinating Community in Amateur Photography(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 2, 38443) Grinter, Rebecca E.This paper describes how the adoption of digital technologies by two amateur photography communities created coordination challenges. Digital technologies disrupted the classification schemes used not just to sort images into groups for competition, but also served to coordinate the community itself. In opening up the classification scheme, members were able to see and reflect on the sources used to establish the definitions that sorted images and organised their practices not just locally but more widely across various boundaries. Without having words about images, both amateur photography communities would have struggled to coordinate.
- Journal ArticleBeyond Bandwidth: Dimensions of Connection in Interpersonal Communication(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 2, 38443) Nardi, Bonnie A.Computer-mediated communication (CMC) is a keystone of computer-supported collaborative work. Current CMC theory utilizes an information channel metaphor in which media vary according to how well they afford the transfer of messages in the channel, i.e., bandwidth. This paper draws attention to a different aspect of communication argued to be equally important: a relation between people that defines a state of communicative readiness in which fruitful communication is likely. Drawing on research on instant messaging (Nardi et al., 2000) and face to face communication (Nardi et al., 2002; Nardi and Whittaker, 2003), as well as related literature, three dimensions of connection that activate readiness are proposed: affinity, commitment, and attention. These dimensions comprise a field of connection between dyads. A field of connection is conceptualized as a labile, multidimensional space in which the values of the dimensions vary according to the history of communicative activity. Affinity, commitment, and attention are constantly monitored, negotiated, and managed through social bonding, expression of commitment, and capture of attention. The management of fields of connection requires significant interactional work to sustain communication over time.
- Journal ArticleBook Review: Where the Action Is: The Foundations of Embodied Interaction, Paul Dourish, MIT Press(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 1, 38384) Chalmers, Matthew
- Journal ArticleBook Review: Social Thinking – Software Practice, Yvonne Dittrich, Christiane Floyd and Ralf Klischewski (eds.), MIT Press(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 1, 2005) Dourish, Paul
- Journal ArticleDiscovering Social Networks from Event Logs(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 6, 38687) van der Aalst, Wil M. P.; Reijers, Hajo A.; Song, MinseokProcess mining techniques allow for the discovery of knowledge based on so-called “event logs”, i.e., a log recording the execution of activities in some business process. Many information systems provide such logs, e.g., most WFM, ERP, CRM, SCM, and B2B systems record transactions in a systematic way. Process mining techniques typically focus on performance and control-flow issues. However, event logs typically also log the performer , e.g., the person initiating or completing some activity. This paper focuses on mining social networks using this information. For example, it is possible to build a social network based on the hand-over of work from one performer to the next. By combining concepts from workflow management and social network analysis, it is possible to discover and analyze social networks. This paper defines metrics, presents a tool, and applies these to a real event log within the setting of a large Dutch organization.
- Journal ArticleThe Metamorphoses of Workflow Projects in their Early Stages(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 5, 38626) Herrmann, Thomas; Hoffmann, MarcelEmpirical studies on workflow usually focus on systems which have already been introduced and on the problems which occur with these systems if exceptional cases differ from the regular business processes. This study focuses on the problems that occur in the early stages of projects intended to introduce workflow systems but which do not inevitably succeed. In most cases the companies under investigation eventually introduced other types of software, or the business processes were merely analysed and improved but not automated during the project. We explain this phenomenon by referring to Orlikowski’s concept of metamorphoses which analysed organizational change under conditions of groupware usage. A number of empirical details in our study of seven companies during a 4-year period can be related to this concept as well as to literature on workflow. In our ex-post study of the workflow projects we concluded that paradoxically starting with a workflow project might be an appropriate way of introducing improvement in cooperation and coordination without using workflow management technology and that concepts for flexible workflow technology are of minor relevance for this improvement.
- Journal ArticleCreating Assemblies in Public Environments: Social Interaction, Interactive Exhibits and CSCW(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 1, 38384) Hindmarsh, Jon; Heath, Christian; Vom Lehn, Dirk; Cleverly, JasonThis paper examines the use of a series of three low tech interactive assemblies that have been exhibited by the authors in a range of fairs, expositions and galleries. The paper does not present novel technical developments, but rather uses the low tech assemblies to help scope out the design space for CSCW in museums and galleries and to investigate the ways in which people collaboratively encounter and explore technological exhibits in museums and galleries. The bulk of the paper focuses on the analysis of the use of one interactive installation that was exhibited at the Sculpture, Objects and Functional Art (SOFA) Exposition in Chicago, USA. The study uses audio–visual recordings of interaction with and around the work to consider how people, in and through their interaction with others, make sense of an assembly of traditional objects and video technologies. The analysis focuses on the organised practices of ‘assembly’ and how ‘assembling’ the relationship between different parts of the work is interactionally accomplished. The analysis is then used to develop a series of ‘design sensitivities’ to inform the development of technological assemblies to engender informal interaction and sociability in museums and galleries.
- Journal ArticleOver the Shoulder Learning: Supporting Brief Informal Learning(Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): Vol. 14, No. 6, 2005) Twidale, Michael B.The paper reviews work on informal technical help giving between colleagues. It concentrates on the process of how colleagues help each other to use a computer application to achieve a specific work task, contrasting this with the focus of much prior work on surrounding issues like the choice of whom to ask, information re-use and the larger work context of encouragement or otherwise of such learning. By an analysis of the literature and a study of office activity, some strengths and weaknesses of the method are identified. The difficulties of talking about the process of performing graphical user interface actions are explored. Various design implications for functionalities to improve the efficiency of informal help giving are explored. A consideration of informal learning can help in designing more effective, learnable, robust and acceptable CSCW systems. It also provides a different perspective on interface design as an exploration of features to support human–human interaction, using the computer screen as a shared resource to support this. In this way CSCW research may contribute to HCI research, since during such help giving, all computer systems are at least temporarily collaborative applications.
- «
- 1 (current)
- 2
- 3
- »