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- Conference PaperA Rapid Review of Gender Parity and Collaboration in Technology: Insights from the Past Decade(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Galeno, Larissa; Barbosa, Carlos Eduardo; Costa, Luis Felipe Coimbra; Lima, Yuri; Nascimento, Luciana Maria Azevedo; Xexéo, Geraldo Bonorino; de Souza, Jano MoreiraGender diversity is a recurrent topic in the STEM field. The lack of women's presence in the field concerns important organizations such as the UN and UNESCO. This matter impacts collaboration since the absence of team diversity can affect the result obtained. Due to this context, the present study aims to analyze collaboration regarding gender parity. The rapid review methodology was used to search for primary studies on these themes and understand how collaboration and gender have been investigated in the last ten years. We used the Rapid Review methodology to select twenty papers evaluated by type of collaboration, model of collaboration, type of research, and research strategy. While it wasn't possible to determine a definitive collaboration model, the analysis revealed that most studies focused on collaborative learning. The research type showed a balanced distribution between explanatory and descriptive approaches, with the majority employing surveys as their primary research strategy.
- Conference PaperBarriers and Facilitators to Participation when Involving Caregivers and Healthcare Workers in Co-design Workshops in Low-resource Settings(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Ortega, Deysi; Bartolini, Rosario; Pareja, Rossina; Creed-Kanashiro, Hillary M; Stawarz, Katarzyna; Holdsworth, Michelle; Rousham, Emily; Verdezoto, NervoParticipatory Design (PD) approaches aim to engage various stakeholders to democratise the design process and influence the development of technologies. However, the use of PD approaches is challenging in low-resource settings. This paper presents the lessons learned from conducting future workshops with caregivers and healthcare workers as part of a project aiming to co-design health interventions to promote healthy nutrition in low-resource settings in Peru. Reflecting on these workshops, we present a number of barriers and facilitators highlighting the physical, social and temporal factors that affect participation in low-resource settings. Tailoring and adapting design methods do help reducing the level of complexity and fostering engagement and participation in PD activities in low-resource settings.
- Conference Paper"We kind of have to do our job alongside the digitalization" - on working with continuously changing tools(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Oskarsen, Johanne Svanes; Bratteteig, ToneMost public organizations are engaged in digtialization to achieve efficiency and innovation. Today, most software is developed, implemented and continuously improved following an agile software development methodology. In this exploratory paper we highlight an understudied aspect of digitalization, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of how it affects the day-to-day work in the organization. By examining the experiences of advisors in a public welfare agency, the paper sheds light on the challenges and complexities arising from digitalization on work in practice. The findings reveal a discrepancy between the idealized view of digitalization and the practical realities faced by workers, leading to fragmented work conditions and continuously changing tools. This paper seeks to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the impact of digitalization on work practices.
- Conference PaperReinvigorating Consent: Exploring New Paradigms for Privacy and Data Sharing(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Bourgeus, August; Vandercruysse, LaurensThis paper examines the inadequacies of the notice-and-consent paradigm in personal data processing, which fails to distribute data economy benefits fairly and degrades data privacy. We explore alternative frameworks like group privacy and contextual integrity that propose a communal and contextual approach to data privacy decisions. Critiquing the consent model for overlooking data externalities and the influence of cognitive biases, we argue against the de facto overreliance on individual consent under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Instead, we advocate for a revised model that integrates group privacy strategies and contextual norms with strategic, selective deployment of active consent. This proposed approach emphasises the balance between individual autonomy, group interests, and communal privacy norms, aiming to empower users with meaningful engagement in consent decisions. We discuss the potential of this model to enhance data privacy in the context of the evolving European Union data spaces and the personal data market.
- Conference PaperA Task-oriented Multimodal Conversational Interface for a CSCW Immersive Virtual Environment(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Barra, Paola; Cantone, Andrea Antonio; Francese, Rita; Giammetti, Marco; Sais, Raffaele; Santosuosso, Otino Pio; Sepe, Aurelio; Spera, Simone; Tortora, Genoveffa; Vitiello, GiulianaIn CSCW immersive Virtual Reality environments, users may be uncomfortable when interacting with a two-dimensional menu. Multimodal conversational interfaces may enhance the interaction enabling users to communicate with the system in different modalities. In this paper, we investigate the use of an embodied multimodal chatbot for improving interaction in a Virtual Reality (VR) environment simulating a working context. In particular, we adopt a User-Centered Design approach to build a multimodal conversational interface, named Muxi, in which a task-oriented voice avatar is enhanced with an interactive board for supporting meeting organization in VR. Users were involved in all the development phases, from task definition to iterative user testing. To assess the usability of the proposed interface, we conducted a controlled experiment involving 32 participants to compare the use of Muxi with a traditional menu-based interface in a CSCW environment. We performed quantitative analysis, concerning efficiency and effectiveness assessment, and qualitative analysis, related to participant cognitive load and perceived usability. Results revealed that our multimodal interface increases usability by greatly alleviating cognitive load and improving user performance, representing a good alternative to a menu-based interface.
- Conference PaperThe Moment That The Driver Takes Over: Examining trust in full-self driving in a naturalistic and sequential approach(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Song, Le; Shangguan, ZhegongIn this paper, we have documented the challenges that drivers with autopilots experience on real-world roads, by focusing on the practices of humans taking over. We analyze data of full self-driving cars selected from third-party YouTube videos in a conversation analytic approach. We have shown how drivers treat the car’s moment-by-moment motion as actions that are projectable for potentially relevant risky outcomes, and how they take over the full self-driving system in situ and in vivo, with continuous situated monitoring. We have demonstrated four typical situations in which drivers take over in the unfolding course of driving action, that is, going too close to the front car, inappropriate speed in the local context, wrong recognition of lanes, and pedestrian priority. We argue that the achievement of human takeovers is inextricably connected to the situated organization and accountability of the course of action.
- Conference PaperTying the policy knot: the Case of an Ongoing Digital Archiving Project for Patient Records(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Rolland-Blin, Léonord; Amsha, Khuloud Abou; Tixier, MatthieuOur study delves into the pivotal role of policies in the success of digital transformation initiatives, focusing on a case study of digitizing patient records at a general hospital. We aim to bridge the research gap on how policies are interpreted and applied in such projects, using a qualitative approach to understand the motivations and actions of the involved parties. By transitioning from paper to digital formats for clinical letters and test results, the project sought to optimize space and improve document access. Our findings, drawn from field notes and observations, highlight the diverse interests in digitization, from space management to policy compliance. We conclude with insights on the importance of policies in digital transformations, offering valuable lessons for future projects and digital archiving efforts.
- Conference PaperReconfiguring collaborative data work(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Træland Meum, Torbjørg; Grisot, MiriaRemote care solutions are implemented in primary and secondary care to improve the treatment and follow up of patients with chronic conditions. However, each context of use has specific characteristics related to the clinical conditions of patients and the work arrangements for providing care remotely. In this paper we explore the data work required in the implementation and scaling of remote care in Norwegian healthcare. Specifically, we focus on the reconfiguration of data work in various contexts of use. We find that implementing remote care requires reconfiguration of collaborative data work to ensure reliable and trustworthy data, to make patient-generated data useful in clinical assessment, and to maintain continuity of care in the illness trajectory. Our findings show the continuous configuration and re-configuration that takes place.
- Conference PaperSituational Awareness Data Extraction from Cooperative Virtual Reality Maritime Training Simulations(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Larsen, Thomas; Larsen, Per; Bjørn, PernilleSituational awareness is a critical competence to master for maritime personnel to avoid critical failures risking safety in everyday practices. Cooperative simulator training utilizing virtual reality (VR) technologies provides new opportunities to train situational awareness, e.g., the capability to automatically collect data about cooperative behaviour. We explore different approaches to capturing behavioural data displaying participants’ situational awareness practices supporting trainers in teaching and assessing maritime trainees. We argue that to capture situational awareness behaviour we need to design data collection methods documenting 1) artefactual proximity; 2) body movement in the environment; and 3) mutual monitoring while interacting with artefacts. Through experimentation, we demonstrate ways to collect these types of situational awareness data and discuss limitations. Finally, we propose four design recommendations for extracting situational awareness data from behavioural data in cooperative virtual reality simulators.
- Conference PaperImpacts vs Implications: Rushed Technology Adoption in Small and Medium Enterprises due to Covid-19 Pandemic(Proceedings of 22nd European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2024) Syed, Hussain Abid; Schorch, Marén; Pinatti de Carvalho, Aparecido Fabiano; Meisner, Konrad; Pipek, Volkmar; Wulf, VolkerThe surge of digitalization during the pandemic has long-lasting impacts on business organizations: small and medium enterprises (SMEs) rushed towards digitalization to continue operations with the ever-changing local and international implications of the pandemic. This caused these businesses to adopt digital technologies for work and interconnection, often overlooking the necessary use innovations and skills required for long-term usage, with the aim of becoming agile and resilient against the pandemic. To understand the long-term impacts and implications of rushed technology adoption in SMEs, we used case-oriented qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and content analysis over a collection of thirty semi-structured interviews with SMEs based in Germany. The preliminary findings of our long-term study reveal the haphazard and impulsive decision making in SMEs, rushing towards digitalization to be resilient and agile to the changing work conditions which led to a high demand for technology-related skillset in employees. Through this study we contribute to the understanding of technology adoption, use and appropriation for work in SMEs elaborating the necessity for long-term processual nature which is similar to notion of infrastructuring.
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