Authors with most documents
Browse
Recent Submissions
- Conference PaperAre Team Autonomy and Flexibility Enough for Agile Transformation? A Review of Transformed Practices in a Public Sector Organization(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Moalagh, Morteza; Mikalsen, Marius; Farshchian, Babak A.Agile transformation is being adopted by the public sector to accelerate digitalization, but it often prioritizes internal efficiency over public values. In this ongoing case study of agile transformation in a large public organization in Norway, we apply a practice-theoretic lens to analyze changes in practices. By looking at papers that has published in recent years on this case, The open coding method was used to identify the components of the practices, including competence, meaning, and material. The study revealed that agile transformation led to a shift in software development practices, improved communication, and increased authority, which enhanced ownership, productivity, and organizational learning. The role of architects changed to advisors, and teams took full decision-making authority for managing data and architecture. The analysis of transformed practices revealed the organization made changes to allow development teams to be more autonomous and flexible in their projects. However, the organization's inherent bias towards development teams seems to hamper effective collaboration and undermines democratic participation, a fundamental value of the public sector. Also, the study also illustrates the need for boundary work and infrastructures that integrate the users/business side of the organization, beyond the development side, to address complex socio-technical interdependencies.
- Conference PaperThe workers strike back- A literature survey of digital circumvention tools used by online gig workers(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Sæther, Runar; Farshchian, Babak A.Most studies of digital labor platforms –also known as gig platforms –investigate how workers are affected by platforms through algorithmic control and governance models implemented by platform owners. We draw on platform boundary resource model to review an emerging body of literature that looks at how platform workers cope with this platform-enforced governance through an array of digital circumvention tools. We find that workers make use of several types of such tools including social media, chat groups, and various forms of specialized software. We show what this type of digital circumvention tools are used for, and discuss their challenges and potential impact on labor platform ecosystems.
- Conference PaperGenerativity practices in EHR implementation: A case study of the transition from design to usage(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Ringdal, Nora O.; Farshchian, Babak A.While generativity has become a central topic in the development and evolution of digital platforms, there are relatively few empirical studies of the implications for the practices involved in platformization. In this paper, we explore the concept of socio-technical generativity in the context of a large-scale platformization project in the healthcare sector. We investigate the transition from design to use, and how the process of generativity changes. Our preliminary findings show that generativity is a continuous process that is not limited to existing affordances in the platform and that the controlled top-down practice in design is split into parallel ad hoc practices in use. We discuss challenges related to scale and interconnections as well as the role of the management in generative processes.
- Conference PaperConfigurations of the User in the Trajectory of Wheelchairs in India: Learnings for the Socio-technical Design of Smart Assistive Devices(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Tuteja, Kanika; Colombino, Tommaso; Tixier, MatthieuMany features of a wheelchair affect users' actions in a manual wheelchair, determining the overall mobility performance. Based on an ethnographic study of wheelchair users in India, we develop a trajectory analysis centered on the wheelchair as an artefact and the stages in its lifecycle from design to use. This paper focuses on the decisions made and practices in the production and acquisition phases and the consequences further down the line for the end user. In particular, we focus on how different configurations of the user across production and acquisition can make it difficult for users to find a wheelchair well adapted to their situated needs once they bring the artefact into their home and daily routines.
- Conference PaperScaling Digital Remote Care Technology: Installed Base Cultivation(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Meum, Torbjørg T.Digital remote care is considered a way to address the rising costs of healthcare by moving the treatment of patients to the homes, supporting a shift from episodic to continuous care, and promoting preventive care. However, it is still a challenge for user organizations (e.g., hospitals and health centers) to scale digital remote care to large patients’ populations beyond small-scale pilot projects. Research has shown that the implementation and deployment of digital remote care requires both the reorganization of resources, responsibility, competences in the organization and the development of the existing infrastructures. These processes are therefore challenging, and the existing organizational, infrastructural, and digital capabilities of a user organization seem to play a critical role. Thus, in this paper we address the research question of what is the role of the installed base in the scaling of remote care? We have addressed this question by conducting a case study in primary care setting in Norway. This study contributes to increased insight into how existing socio-technological arrangements affect the configuration, adoption and scaling of digital remote care for people with chronic illness.
- Conference PaperModeling for Analysis and Design in Regulated Artifacts Ecologies (MADRAE): a Case for Cooperative Practices in Telemedicine(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Cormi, Clement; Abou-Amsha, Khuloud; Tixier, Matthieu; Lewkowicz, MyriamThe results of CSCW studies should be more effectively incorporated into software engineering practices. This paper focuses on two concepts supporting software component choice and development in IS architecture: artifact ecologies and data work. Using a case study in telemedicine, we propose MADRAE, an extension of the UML component diagram, for modeling practice-based artifact ecologies that emphasize the necessary data work. In the hospital where we tried MADRAE, it was considered helpful by the head of the IS department to analyze existing artifact ecologies and generate design and architecture proposals.
- Conference PaperSupporting Inter-Agency Collaboration in Emergency Management: Recurring Challenges Relevant for CSCW(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Munkvold, Bjørn E.Emergency management requires effective collaboration between different agencies. This work implies several challenges due to a heterogeneous mix of actors with different procedures, practices, and support tools. Despite being focused in various research streams, emergency responders still report challenges with sharing information and establishing shared situational awareness in responding to complex events. The paper presents results from a large-scale digital tabletop exercise that illustrate recurring challenges related to support for collaborative procedures, a communication network structure combining several media, use of geocollaborative tools, and configuration of collaborative environments in co-located operations centers. CSCW researchers are well positioned to further address these challenges and thus make an impact in a domain of high societal importance.
- Conference PaperGiving help or information? A human advisor and a chatbot answers requests from citizens(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Verne, GuriBuilding on CSCW research on knowledge and expertise sharing, this exploratory paper presents examples of how a human call advisor answers citizens where the call advisor takes an active role in helping the caller make their request more precise and contrasts with how a chatbot answers to citizens requests. Previous research about expertise sharing is expanded to also involve expertise sharing with citizens. This paper makes a case for including research of expertise sharing between representatives of the public administration and the citizens in CSCW research, and argue for research on if and how a chatbot in the public sector can share expertise when rules need to be applied to a citizen’s life situation.
- Conference PaperOpen Forest: Walking-with Feral Stories, Creatures, Data(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Dolejsova, Marketa; Botero, Andrea; Choi, Jaz H.Open Forest is an experimental, practice-based inquiry into forests and forest data that facilitates an imaginative co-creation of feral forest datasets. The project involves a series of experimental, hybrid walks with various forests around the world, inviting participants to explore local ecologies and share their experiences in the form of forest stories. To enable sharing of such personally situated stories, we experiment with diverse speculative material practices and devices, including the online Feral Map – a collaborative dataset of diverse, more-than-human forest experiences and knowledge. Through the experimental forest walks and stories, we explore what can constitute a forest dataset, how it can be produced, and by whom to raise questions about power, values, and structural inequalities that shape forests and their futures. We propose that caring for the futures of forests must be collaborative work. Finding ways to do this labour requires imaginative articulations of technologies, practices and data, an agenda to which CSCW is well positioned to contribute.
- Conference PaperMatters of Data Care: From data-centric to domain-centric patient-centrism in the Health Tech Sector(Proceedings of 21st European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 2023) Avlona, Natalia; Shklovski, IrinaThe increasing digitisation of the healthcare services, has transformed the provision of patient-centric care into data-centric healthcare. Researchers studied the effect of the increasing digitisation of healthcare by focusing on how the data workers in the public health care sector have been asymmetrically affected during this process, showing how care is enacted in the often-invisible human labour in algorithmic systems. In this paper we demonstrate how the value of patient-centrism becomes a multidimensional matter of data care for a diversity of domain experts handling health data. Enactments of patient-centrism are informed by the values and backgrounds of each “data-handler” situated within the values and concepts of their domain expertise. In particular, we demonstrate how patient-centrism manifests as care for data quality, care for data privacy and security and care for accessibility, shaped throughout by differentiated concerns for regulatory compliance.