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- Conference PaperInformation Fortification: An Online Citation Behavior(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Forte, Andrea; Andalibi, Nazanin; Gorichanaz, Tim; Kim, Meen Chul; Park, Thomas; Halfaker, AaronIn this multi-method study, we examine citation activity on English-language Wikipedia to understand how information claims are supported in a non-scientific open collaboration context. We draw on three data sources-edit logs, interview data, and document analysis-to present an integrated interpretation of citation activity and found pervasive themes related to controversy and conflict. Based on this analysis, we present and discuss information fortification as a concept that explains online citation activity that arises from both naturally occurring and manufactured forms of controversy. This analysis challenges a workshop position paper from Group 2005 by Forte and Bruckman, which draws on Latour's sociology of science and citation to explain citation in Wikipedia with a focus on credibility seeking. We discuss how information fortification differs from theories of citation that have arisen from bibliometrics scholarship and are based on scientific citation practices.
- Conference PaperGeographic Biases Are 'Born, Not Made': Exploring Contributors' Spatiotemporal Behavior in OpenStreetMap(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Thebault-Spieker, Jacob; Hecht, Brent; Terveen, LorenThe evolution of contributor behavior in peer production communities over time has been a subject of substantial interest in the social computing community. In this paper, we extend this literature to the geographic domain, exploring contribution behavior in OpenStreetMap using a spatiotemporal lens. In doing so, we observe a geographic version of a 'born, not made' phenomenon: throughout their lifespans, contributors are relatively consistent in the places and types of places that they edit. We show how these 'born, not made' trends may help explain the urban and socioeconomic coverage biases that have been observed in OpenStreetMap. We also discuss how our findings can help point towards solutions to these biases.
- Conference PaperCollaboration Success Factors in an Online Music Community(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Calefato, Fabio; Iaffaldano, Giuseppe; Lanubile, FilippoOnline communities have been able to develop large, open-source software (OSS) projects like Linux and Firefox throughout the successful collaborations carried out by their members over the Internet. However, online communities also involve creative arts domains such as animation, video games, and music. Despite their growing popularity, the factors that lead to successful collaborations in these communities are not entirely understood.In this paper, we present a study on creative collaboration in a music community where authors write songs together by overdubbing, that is, by mixing a new track with an existing audio recording. We analyzed the relationship between song- and author-related measures and the likelihood of a song being overdubbed. We found that recent songs, as well as songs with many reactions, are more likely to be overdubbed authors with a high status in the community and a recognizable identity write songs that the community tends to build upon.
- Conference PaperOptimizing User Experience through Implicit Content-Aware Network Service in the Home Environment(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Yang, Haixiang; Wang, Xiaoliang; Nguyen, Cam-Tu; Lu, SangluThere has always been a gap between Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and end users when considering the performance of network-based application. On one hand, ISPs keep raising the investment on infrastructures to speed up the data transportation. On the other hand, users are not satisfied with the perceived quality of experience (QoE). This happens mainly due to the inflexible network flow management, where only the function of rate limiting is provided for home users in the shared network environment. In this paper, we focus on the optimization of users experience by customizing bandwidth allocation for user specified preferences while maintaining high bandwidth utilization. We introduce implicit content-aware bandwidth allocation to minimize the involvement of users on complicated network setting. By leveraging the technique of software-defined networking (SDN), a prototype of content-aware traffic scheduling, Conan, is developed to verify the effectiveness of our design. Experiments show that Conan can reduce the average task completion time of interactive applications by 30-40%. During heavy traffic load, Conan can ensure stable bandwidth for each video streaming flow and greatly reduce the average stall duration.
- Conference PaperVideo-Game Based Exergames for People with Dementia and Their Caregivers(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Unbehaun, David; Vaziri, Daryoush; Aal, Konstantin; Li, Qinyu; Wieching, Rainer; Wulf, VolkerDementia not only affects the cognitive capabilities, especially memory and orientation, but also physical capabilities, which are associated with a decrease of physical activities. Here, ICT can play a major role to improve health, quality of life and wellbeing in older adults suffering from dementia and related stakeholders, such as relatives, professional and informal caregivers. The aim of the presented system is to increase physical and cognitive capabilities of people with dementia and their caregivers to support them in daily life activities, reduce the strain of the caregivers and improve both their wellbeing.
- Conference PaperGRACE: Broadening Narratives of Computing through History, Craft and Technology(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Menendez-Blanco, Maria; Bjørn, Pernille; Holten Møller, Naja M.; Bruun, Jesper; Dybkjær, Hans; Lorentzen, KasperInclusion in computer science education and profession is a debated topic in recent feminist HCI literature. To enable inclusion in computer science, we must find new ways to create opportunities for broadening the narrative of computing embracing diversity. In this paper, we present GRACE, an interactive installation, which combines history, crafts, and digital technology. The installation creates an opportunity for multiple people to engage into discussions around inclusion in computer science, thus facilitates open discussion of perspectives beyond predominant narratives of computing.
- Conference PaperDesigning an ICT-Based Training System for People with Dementia and Their Caregivers(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Unbehaun, DavidDemographic change is a challenge for every individual, families, society, science, the economy and the labor market, for social security systems and for policy as a whole. The challenge will increase with every year and the risk of suffering from dementia and therefore, being in need of care is increasing. To Care for those who are in need is a responsibility for the whole society. The use of ICT-based technologies combined with a holistic approach may support and promote a self-sustaining life-style for people with dementia and their caregivers. In this context, ICT-based solutions are a promising approach for patients suffering from early stage dementia and their caregivers. The objective of the PhD study is in the initial stage (pre-study), to analyze empirically the given practices in the specific field of dementia care in form of a requirement analysis. The next stage comes up with a design for an ICT artifact related to the findings of the first phase, and in the third stage, the author investigates the appropriation of the technical artifact over a longer period of time in different settings. The doctoral colloquium will serve as a platform to discuss and share current research activities, methodology, future publications and experiences in the field of qualitative work with respect to technology design for people with dementia.
- Conference PaperResearch Ethics Town Hall Meeting(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Björn, Pernille; Fiesler, Casey; Muller, Michael; Pater, Jessica; Wisniewski, PamelaAs technology and data access continue to evolve, research ethics in the areas of Human-Computer Interaction and social computing are becoming increasingly complex. Despite increasing interest among researchers, there is still a lack of consistent community norms around ethical gray areas. One charge of the SIGCHI ethics committee is to help develop these norms by facilitating open conversations with different stakeholders. This panel will be an opportunity to develop a collective understanding of diverse perspectives on ethics, and to gather input from the GROUP research community around the ethical challenges we face as researchers who study social and collaborative computing systems and those who use these systems.
- Conference PaperModeling User Intrinsic Characteristic on Social Media for Identity Linkage(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Yu, Xianqi; Sun, Yuqing; Bertino, Elisa; Li, XinMost users on social media have intrinsic characteristics, such as interests and political views, that can be exploited to identify and track them. It raises privacy and identity issues in online communities. In this paper we investigate the problem of user identity linkage on two behavior datasets collected from different experiments. Specifically, we focus on user linkage based on users' interaction behaviors with respect to content topics. We propose an embedding method to model a topic as a vector in a latent space so as to interpret its deep semantics. Then a user is modeled as a vector based on his or her interactions with topics. The embedding representations of topics are learned by optimizing the joint-objective: the compatibility between topics with similar semantics, the discriminative abilities of topics to distinguish identities, and the consistency of the same user's characteristics fromtwo datasets. The effectiveness of our method is verified on real-life datasets and the results show that it outperforms related methods.
- Conference PaperInvestigating Collaboration Within Online Communities: Software Development vs. Artistic Creation(Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, 2018) Iaffaldano, GiuseppeOnline creative communities have been able to develop large, open source software (OSS) projects like Linux and Firefox throughout the successful collaborations carried out over the Internet. These communities have also expanded to creative arts domains such as animation, video games, and music. Despite their growing popularity, the factors that lead to successful collaborations in these communities are not entirely understood. In the following, I describe my Ph.D. research project aimed at improving communication, collaboration, and retention in creative arts communities, starting from the experience gained from the literature about OSS communities.