Grudin, JonathanPalen, Leysia2017-04-152017-04-151995978-94-011-0349-7Single-user applications are designed with a 'discretionary use' model In contrast, for large systems, upper management support is considered crucial to adoption Which applies to groupware9 The relatively low cost of groupware reduces high-level visibility, but some argue that social dynamics will force mandated use—the large system approach Interview studies of recently adopted on-line meeting schedulers in two large organizations found successful, near-universal use achieved without managerial mandate Versatile functionality and ease of use associated with discretionary products appeared to be factors leading to adoption Other factors included organization-wide infrastructure and substantial peer pressure that developed over timeenText