Nelimarkka, MattiKuikkaniemi, KaiJacucci, Giulio2023-03-172023-03-172014https://dl.eusset.eu/handle/20.500.12015/4440Backchannels are tools that allow participants to discuss during a performance, such as lecture or presentation, without interrupting it. They are used in higher education and conferences to facilitate audience participation. This study examines backchannels in a Finnish primary school with a class of 12-13-year-old pupils. Backchannels can allow anonymous participation and this feature has been found practical in higher education. In this study, we observed that primary school pupils posted relevant messages at the same level as reported prior studies conducted in higher education. The pupils also appreciated the anonymity as it provided additional safety for self-expression.enanonymityeducational technologyprimary educationbackchannelText/Conference Paper10.1145/2660398.2660399